No.2, 2021

Practice and Innovation in the CPC’s New Development Ideas from the 13th Five-Year Planto the 14th Five-Year Plan

Li Yang & Wu Li（ 5 ）

Research on Xi Jinping’s Important Exposition on the New Development Pattern of “Dual Circulation”

Zhou Yuehui（14）

CPC Theoretical Innovation in the Vision of a Century of Party History

Shi Zhongquan（23）

A Century of the CPC’s Struggle： Right Timing, Right Place， Right People in the CPC’s Strategic Thinking

Zhang Hongzhi（40）

Evolution and Interpretation in the Translation of “Eliminating Private Ownership” in The Communist Manifesto

Chen Hong Juan（47）

Research on the System of Seizing and Disposing of Drugs in the Governance of Opium and Drugs During the Early Period of the New China

Zhang Nan（57）

The CPC-KMT Currency Struggle from 1940 to 1942

Zhang Yiming（70）

A Study on the Exploration of Income-Distribution Patterns among Employees in Commune-run Enterprises

Yi Mianyang（85）

The Trade Crisis in Hong  Kong and Sino-British Relations in the Early Days of the People’s Republic of China

Nie Li（98）

A Glorious Chapter in the History of China’s Workers’ Movement: The Shuikoushan Workers’ Movement

Long Xinmin（113）

A Study on the “Revolutionizing of the Spring Festival” in 1970: Based on the Example of the Educated Youth in Xiamen

Qiu Xinyang（118）

The Election of Overseas Chinese Deputies to the First National People’s Congress and Their Suggestions

Ren Guixiang（130）

A Review of CPC History Studies in 2019

Xin Yi & Zhao Yi & Dong Long（140）

Evolution and Interpretation in the Translation of “Eliminating Private Ownership” in The Communist Manifesto

Chen Hongjuan

Abstract:

Based on the change in the frequency of the words “eliminate” and “abolish,” which correspond to the German word “Aufhebung,” in the Chinese edition of The Communist Manifesto, before the founding of People’s Republic of China, there was a problem, to some extent, of a “sharpening” of the words. After the founding of People’s Republic of China, the several versions of the translation by the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau gradually featured a “de-sharpening” of the words and a return to the initial context as appeared in the German text. Although the translation of “elimination of private ownership” has not changed, the focus of the interpretation has shifted from an absolutization of revolutionary actions to the conditional nature of specific actions.

Research on the System of Seizing and Disposing of Drugs in the Governance of Opium and Drugs During the Early Period of the New China

Zhang Nan

Abstract:

The system of seizing and disposing of drugs was an important part of the governance of opium and drugs during the early period of the New China.  The process of the formation and transformation of the system demonstrated the CPC’s excellent national governance capabilities.  At the initial stage of the New China, the issue of how to collect and deal with the large number of domestic drugs was an important national-governance issue. At the same time, hostile forces led by the United States slandered without any basis that New China was selling drugs abroad. In order to break away from its past image of the “Sick Man of East Asia” and to avoid continuous defamation by hostile forces, the Chinese government dealt with the problems according to the circumstances. At different stages of opium and drug governance, the Chinese government continuously adapted its policies to seize and dispose of drugs, creatively pursued a patriotic-based  “word-of-mouth propaganda” policy, and forbade the trafficking and selling abroad of the seized drugs. The measures not only promoted the mission of social governance and reshaped the national image but also fought back against the malicious slander by the hostile forces and safeguarded the county’s reputation.

The CPC-KMT Currency Struggle from 1940 to 1942

Zhang Yiming

Abstract:

Beginning in the winter of 1940, in order to cope with the financial pressures brought about by the Guomindang government’s stopping of payments to the Eighth Route Army, the Central Committee of the CPC decided to issue currency in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, and it carried out a policy of banning the legal tender in each base area. The Guomindang government restrained the development of the CPC's border currency by formulating countermeasures, creating military tensions, and so forth. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the CPC issued a variety of border currencies in each base area, effectively squeezing out the legal tender. However, the Guomindang government failed to make timely improvements to its policies, and its containment of the CCP currency eventually ended in bankruptcy. By 1942, the CPC, which insisted on self-sufficiency and self-reliance, had won the currency war.

A Study on the Exploration of Income-Distribution Patterns among Employees in Commune-run Enterprises

Yi Mianyang

Abstract:

Employees in commune-run enterprises have been characterized as “being both workers and peasants,” and an important issue facing the commune-run enterprises was the building up of a suitable income-distribution pattern.  There have been three stages in the study of this topic: the distribution patterns in the wage system in parallel with the work-point system established during the first stage and the adjustments to the needs of the production reality of industry and agriculture at that time; the distribution patterns of the work-point system implemented during the second stage, catering to the distribution needs of the production team in the agricultural collectivization system, which did not conform with the reality of the enterprises; the performance pay system implemented during the third stage, which mobilized the employees’ production initiative and promoted the development of the commune-run enterprises.

The Trade Crisis in Hong Kong and Sino-British Relations in the Early Days of the People’s Republic of China

Nie Li

Abstract:

The trade crisis in Hong Kong included a confrontation between East and West, contradictions between nationalism and colonialism, and other complicated issues, and, based on this crisis, China and Britain were engaged in both struggle and cooperation. After the Second World War, Britain had a contradictory attitude regarding control over Hong Kong’s trade crisis, which was influenced by the Cold War thinking of the British and American alliance, a rigid attitude to the idea of a colonial Hong Kong, and economic realism. The Chinese government differentiated between the jurisdiction of Hong Kong and its trade crisis, fully emphasizing Hong Kong’s role in international trade and diplomatic and united front work, and it made use of British-American contradictions to continually break through the blockade and embargo and to maintain trade communications. The trade crisis led to a rapid shrinking of transit trade in Hong Kong, but there was never an interruption in the trade between Hong Kong and the interior. The trade crisis helped CPC leaders define their policy toward Hong Kong, and, meanwhile, it weakened British influence on Hong Kong’s market and economy and forced an industrial transformation in Hong Kong. 

A Study on the “Revolutionizing of the Spring Festival” in 1970：Based on the Example of the Educated Youth in Xiamen

Qiu Xinyang

Abstract:

In the 1960s and 1970s, the government tried to “break the old and build the new” with respect to the Spring Festival customs, and it called on the people to celebrate a “revolutionary Spring Festival.” With the upsurge in the intellectual youth movement in Xiamen, the educated youth in Xiamen, who had just arrived in western Fujian, in 1970 encountered the issue of celebrating a “revolutionary Spring Festival.” Some responded to the government’s call to stay in the countryside and tried to shape new customs in line with the state ideology. However, many others insisted on returning to the cities for the Spring Festival, and many of them were finally successful. This reflects the people’s desire for a secular life and the deep-rooted influence of traditional etiquette and customs.