No.3 2023

Marxism & Reality

CONTENTS

Guiding Principles of the 20th CPC National Congress

On the Philosophy of Civilization in Chinese Modernization //Chen Jinlong（1）

Deeply Understanding the Key Implications of “Maintaining Harmony between  Humanity and Nature When Planning Our Development” //Fang Shinan（8）

Approaches to Enhancing the International Communication System in the New Era //Wang Yonggui & Wang Jingyu（17）

Research on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

The Strategy for Developing a Quality Workforce in the New Era: History, Changes,  and Significance //Yang Fengcheng & Tu Zhiyi（25）

The Marxian Critique of the Theoretical Discourses of Capitalist Civilization and the Establishment of a New Model for Civilization //Li Shuangtao（33）

Historical Initiative: The Generative Logic, Identity Function, and Deepening Path //Sun Chongya & Gao Fujin（42）

Dialogue and Interviews

Reexamining the Contemporary Relevance of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 //Chen Xianda & Zang Fengyu（52）

Research on Fundamental Marxist Theories

Technology as a Production Condition and Its Autonomy in Human Society:  Reaffirming Historical Materialism //Hu Daping（61）

On Marx’s Concept of Realistic Things //Liu Riming（70）

Dialectics of Producing Things and Shaping Human Beings: Marx’s Critical Transformation of Hegel’s Doubling Motion of Spirit and Its Contemporary Implications //Zhang Xiuhua（78）

The Triple Logic of the World History Theory in Marx’s “Anthropological Notes” //Jia Xiangyun（86）

The Sublation of Customary Law: A Legal Footnote on Marx’s Shift to  Historical Materialism //Yang Jun（93）

Research on Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics

An Analysis of the International Digital Tax Reform from the Perspective of  Political Economy and Its Implications for China //Ding Xiaoqin & Wang Yixuan（100）

The People’s Livelihood Dimension of Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought //Liu Mingsong & Wang Qian（111）

Research on Political Communication

Drawing Inspiration from “Record on Education” in The Book of Rites to Improve the Quality of Moral and Political Education //Liu Shulin（118）

Improving Moral and Political Integrity in the New Era: Meaning, Goals, and Approaches //

Yang Wei & Wei Xiao（131）

Features on Strengthening the CPC

The Political Nature of the Intraparty Code of Conduct of the CPC and Its Full and Rigorous Self-Governance //Duan Fan（138）

Research on the History of the Dissemination of Marxism

From Spreading the Fire to Planting the Seed: Li Dazhao’s Distinctive Features and  Important Contributions in Translating and Disseminating Marxist Theory //Zhang Jiaxiu（146）

Research on Marxism Abroad

Three Perspectives on Critiquing Anti-Semitism: A Research Based on the Dialectic  of Enlightenment //Xie Yongkang & Wang Bo（153）

The Triple Logic of the Development of Western Marxism //Wang Qingfeng（161）

Realistic Individual and Human Liberation: A Study of Thompson’s Socialist Thought of People’s Liberation // Zhang Shanghong & Qiao Ruijin（170）

The Position of Law in the Base-Superstructure: On Louis Pierre Althusser’s  Theory of Law //Li Lu（179）

A Critical Analysis of Renaturalization Thought in Continental New Materialism //Niu Xiaoxue（188）

Lettre à Rinascita (sur la pensée de Gramsci)//Louis Pierre Althusser（194）
 

MAIN ABSTRACTS

On the Philosophy of Civilization in Chinese Modernization
Chen Jinlong
  The process of modernization is essentially a process of creating and accumulating civilization, and the objectives and paths of modernization are shaped and governed by the philosophy of civilization. In the historical evolution of world modernization, the philosophy of civilization shapes the path of modernization and form corresponding styles and achievements of civilization. In the historical evolution of world modernization, the philosophy of civilization shapes the path of modernization and the corresponding civilizational style and achievements. The philosophy of civilization in Chinese modernization advocates coordinated and peaceful development, emphasizing a people-oriented approach that integrates tradition and modernity, and ensures the modernization unique to the Chinese nation is relevant to the rest of the world. This philosophy combines historic materialism and dialectics; civilizational self-confidence and self-reliance; and compliance with laws and adherence to purposes, and integrates historical views, values, and the philosophy of civilization. It is rooted in history and closely connected to the present and future. The Chinese philosophy of civilization in view of modernization and civilization deepens our understanding of the laws of human civilization development, human modernization, and socialist construction. It adds new elements to the image-building of the state, nation, and political parties and enhances international recognition of China. The philosophy of civilization in Chinese modernization has deepened our understanding of the laws of civilization development, the laws of achieving modernization, and the laws of socialist development. This has added new elements to the image of China, the Chinese people, and the CPC, and is beneficial for increasing the international community’s recognition and identification of China. The philosophy of civilization in Chinese modernization is comprehensive and integrated, revealing the secrets of success in Chinese modernization at a deep level. It demonstrates the practical wisdom of perseverance, coordination, autonomy, innovation, and compatibility in Chinese modernization, providing new choices and examples for humanity’s realization of modernization and formation of civilization.

Deeply Understanding the Key Implications of “Maintaining Harmony between Humanity and Nature When Planning Our Development”
Fang Shinan
  With a comprehensive, strategic, and global perspective combining problem awareness, response awareness, future awareness, and global awareness, the political report to the 20th CPC National Congress puts forth the scientifically grounded policy of “maintaining harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development,” which carries profound significance. This policy emphasizes the utmost importance of fostering harmony between humanity and nature. It underscores the value-based imperative and goal that placing harmony between humanity and nature at the core of China’s economic and social development and its push to enhance ecological conservation. The dialectical principle of this policy reveals the inherent integration of human values and ecological values, the intricate link between ecology and politics, the organic connection between economic rationality and ecological rationality, the integration of ecological safety and life safety, and the comprehensive consideration of China-specific values and the values of all humanity. It is imperative to deeply understand and grasp the essence of this policy which emphasizes promoting eco-culture, enhancing ecological political development, realizing modernization with harmony between human and nature, maintaining ecological and life safety, and advancing global ecological cooperation and governance. It is also essential to put this policy into practice effectively in the context of Chinese modernization.

Approaches to Enhancing the International Communication System in the New Era
Wang Yonggui & Wang Jingyu
  Establishing an international communication system with Chinese characteristics is an essential requirement for winning the struggle to strengthen China’s voice in international affairs and succeed ideological confrontation. The international communication system embodies the internal logic of attaining power through effective communication. Constructing an efficient international communication system is a necessary step toward achieving national prosperity and rejuvenation. In this new journey, we must address strategic questions such as “what to communicate,” “how to communicate,” and “through what means to communicate.” We need to focus closely on key elements such as the content of discourse, the subjects of discourse, the channels of discourse, and the foundation of discourse. We need to enrich the content of the international communication system through theoretical innovation, improve the strategy for developing the international communication system by enhancing communicative capabilities, strengthen the communicative system of the international communication system through media transformation and upgrading, and reinforcing the support for the development of the international communication system through institutional advantages. These approaches will enable us to systematically develop China’s international communication and narrative systems, enhance its voice in international affairs and consistently demonstrate the unique charm of Chinese modernization.
 

The Strategy for Developing a Quality Workforce in the New Era: History, Changes, and Significance
Yang Fengcheng & Tu Zhiyi
  The CPC has always placed great importance on the work of cultivating talents. After the reform and opening up policy was implemented, Deng Xiaoping advocated respecting knowledge and respecting talents, which laid the theoretical and cognitive foundation for the strategy for developing a quality workforce and promoted the Party’s transition from an intellectual discourse and policy to a talent discourse and policy. In the new century, the Party Central Committee introduced the understanding that “talent is our primary resource” and subsequently formulated and implemented the strategy for developing a quality workforce. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the Party Central Committee has made significant plans to cultivate, attract and utilize talents across all sectors, putting forward new ideas, strategies, and measures. The strategy for developing a quality workforce has produced historic changes and achievements in deepening the principle of upholding Party leadership over talent management, putting forward the concept of “relying on talent to pioneer development” and systematically reforming the systems and mechanisms for talent development. Currently, China’s work of cultivating talent is embarking on a new historical journey. Building a world talent center and innovation hub, expanding and developing talent advantages, while addressing weaknesses and achieving comprehensive improvement, in order to provide strong intellectual support and solid talent support for building modern socialist country in all respects and advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts—all this constitutes the key to deepening the implementation of the strategy for developing a quality workforce.

The Marxian Critique of the Theoretical Discourses of Capitalist Civilization and the Establishment of a New Model for Civilization
Li Shuangtao
  Since the emergence of capitalist civilization, various discourses have emerged regarding how to approach and evaluate it, including rational discourse, regressive discourse, romantic discourse, and static discourse. These discourses are all theoretical from a philosophical standpoint. In contrast, Marx proposed a practical discourse on civilization, focusing on “human perceptual activities.” He formulated four principles for the establishment of civilization: the principle of practical rationality, the principle of practical progress, the principle of practical law, and the principle of practical integrity. These principles articulate Marx’s vision for a new model for civilization. As a product of Chinese modernization, the new model for civilization aligns with Marx’s vision. It emerges through exchanges and mutual learning with capitalist civilization, embodies the inheritance of civilization, and is guided by the noble ideals of communism. It exhibits characteristics of coordination and integrity.

Technology as a Production Condition and Its Autonomy in Human Society: Reaffirming Historical Materialism
Hu Daping
  Technology is not a substance or isolated fact, but rather a relationship between humans and nature that forms the basis and conditions of human material life. This relationship is intertwined with nature and social organization, and its development characteristics and functions present historical changes influenced by other conditions. Technology is one of the conditions of human material production, and its nature is determined by the dominant relations of production. Technology has its own rules as well. After the Industrial Revolution, changes in productive means became the driving force for changes in productive modes. Technology then became an independent dominant force in human life. Under the rule of technological code, society became a technological society organized by autonomous technology, which can also pose risks to human wellbeing. Marx not only discovered the role of technology in human development in general but also analyzed in depth the application of technology and its effects under capitalist conditions. He was the true founder of criticism of modernity. Although Marx’s theories are incredibly insightful, his conclusions were formed based on the conditions of his era. Hence, expecting him to have predicted the contemporary situation of humanity would be unjustified.

The People’s Livelihood Dimension of Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought

Liu Mingsong & Wang Qian
  Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee, with General Secretary Xi Jinping at its core, has proposed a series of new concepts, ideas, and strategies in the practice of leading economic development, based on a new historical perspective. As an essential part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Xi Jinping’s economic thinking aims to promote economic development and goes beyond the economic sector itself. It adopts a comprehensive approach to develop the Party and the country while addressing the areas of weakness in people’s livelihood that hinder China’s development. It prioritizes the resolution of people’s livelihood issues as part of the general planning of development. The thinking both upgrades the development philosophy by prioritizing the development of people’s livelihood and coordinates diverse sectors to work together by improving people’s livelihood. It directs economic development toward serving and benefiting the people, thereby driving a virtuous circle between economic development and people’s livelihood through their coordinated and mutually reinforcing development.