Introduction to the Main Articles of Xi Jinping's Book on Our Work on Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Rural Residents

The book on Our Work on Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Rural Residents by Xi Jinping, edited by the Institute of Party History and Literature of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, contains 61 major articles about the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents written from December 2012 to April 2022. The main articles are as follows.

“Making the Solution the Issues Facing Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Rural Residents a Top Priority and Ensure That the Party and the General Public Promote Rural Revitalization” is a speech delivered at the Central Rural Work Conference on December 28, 2020. According to the speech, since the 18th National Party Congress, we have made the solution of the issues facing agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents a top priority of the work of the Party, made poverty eradication a landmark project for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, organized the promotion of the battle on poverty eradication with the greatest intensity, which is unprecedented and benefits the largest population in human history, implemented the rural revitalization strategy, thus bringing about historic achievements and changes in agriculture and rural areas. From the overall perspective of the strategy for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the countryside must be revitalized if the nation is to be rejuvenated. From the perspective of profound changes of a kind unseen in the world in a century, stabilizing agriculture, the foundation of China’s economy, and strengthening the foundations of agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents is the anchor for responding the changes and creating a new phase. In building a new development pattern and implementing the strategy of expanding domestic demand, rural areas have a huge space of development and has a big role to play. We must adhere to the great historical perspective to look at the issues facing agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and only a deep understanding of these issues can help us better understand our Party, country, and people. We must realize that the most difficult and onerous task and the broadest and deepest foundation of building a socialist modern in all respects to achieve the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are still found in the countryside, the most extensive and deep foundation is still in the countryside. Now, our mission is to comprehensively promote the revitalization of the countryside, which is a historic shift in the focus of the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents. We must firmly hold the initiative of food security, and food production must be tightened every year. The comprehensive implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is no less deep, extensive and difficult than poverty eradication, so we must strengthen the top-level design and promote it with more powerful measures and stronger forces. We should strengthen the overall leadership of the Party in the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents. Party committees at all levels should shoulder their political responsibilities and promote rural revitalization with greater efforts.

“Speeches Made While Inspecting Poverty Alleviation and Development Work in Fuping County, Hebei Province” were made on December 29 and 30, 2012. According to the speeches, eliminating poverty, improving people’s lives and achieving common prosperity are the essential requirements of socialism. To build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, the most difficult and onerous task is in rural areas, especially in poor areas. If moderate prosperity is not achieved in rural areas, and especially in poverty-stricken areas, it cannot be said that we have achieved moderate prosperity in all respect. To deepen the development of poverty alleviation and fight the battle of poverty alleviation, we must boost our confidence and find the right way. Doing a good job in poverty alleviation and development, supporting the poor to get rich, and helping them to solve their problems so as to ensure that all people can benefit more fairly and more thoroughly from the fruits of development is an important manifestation of our Party’s adherence to the fundamental purpose of wholeheartedly serving the people, and is also a major responsibility of the Party and the government. Developing rural areas to make farmers rich hinges on Party branches. We must implement the policy as it is, discover the situation as it is, make solid efforts to build Party branches and make real efforts to strengthen unity. Officials at all levels, especially the more prominent areas of poverty, the principal Party and government leaders at all levels, must conscientiously fulfill their leadership responsibilities, and leaders of contiguous areas of extreme poverty must put the focus of the work on poverty alleviation and development. Work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents is the top priority, the old revolutionary bases, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas must make poverty alleviation work the top priority in their work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents.

“Seeing to It That New Industrialization, IT Application, Urbanization, and Agricultural Modernization Go Forward Hand In Hand” is an excerpt from the speeches made from September 2013 to August 2021. According to the article, seeing to it that new industrialization, IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization go forward hand in hand is a major strategic issue that concerns overall modernization. With a focus on accelerating agricultural modernization, while keeping the production of grain and important other agricultural products stable and ensuring national food security and the effective supply of important agricultural products, we should accelerate the transformation of the way agriculture develops and agricultural technological innovation to blaze an intensive, efficient, safe and sustainable path of modern agricultural development. In building a modern socialist country in all respects, we must not only build prosperous cities, but also build a prosperous countryside, and promote the formation of a new type of industrial-agricultural-urban-rural relationship of mutual promotion, urban-rural complementarity, coordinated development and common prosperity. This can only be achieved under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and our socialist system.

“In Work on Agriculture and Rural Areas, Increasing Rural Income Is the Key” is an excerpt from speeches made between November 2013 and August 2021. According to the article, an important yardstick to test the effectiveness of rural work is to see if the farmers’ wallets are getting fatter. We should increase rural income in multiple ways such as developing modern agriculture, upgrading the rural economy, enhancing the skills of migrant workers, strengthening agricultural support policies, expanding basic public services, and improving the organization of farmers’ access to the market. We should comprehensively promote rural revitalization, accelerate agricultural industrialization, put rural assets to good use, increase farmers’ property income, and make more rural residents work hard to become rich.

“On the Path to Agricultural Modernization with Chinese Characteristics, We Should Pay Attention to Major Issues” is an excerpt from the speech made at the end of a visit to Shandong Province on November 28, 2013. According to the article, solving the issues facing agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents is the top priority of the work of the Party and we must keep doing this a long time without wavering at any time. Ensuring national food security and the effective supply of major agricultural products is the primary task of agricultural development. The fundamental way out of agriculture is to modernize agriculture and continuously improve its comprehensive production capacity. China’s national conditions determine the development of modern agriculture must take the path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. This is a fundamental matter. We must have a strong sense of problems, pay attention major issues and carry out in-depth research and practice. With a focus on farming, we must accelerate the establishment of a new agricultural management system; with a focus on alleviating the resource and environmental constraints by land and water shortages, we must deepen the transformation of the way agriculture develops; and with a focus on ensuring food supply and food safety, we must develop high-quality and safe agricultural products.

“Implementing the National Food Security Strategy to Ensure Control over Our Own Food Supply” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 10, 2013. According to the article, China is a large country with a large population, and solving the problem of food is always the top priority in its governance. We must implement a national food security strategy of giving prominence to China’s capacity, being based on domestic factors, ensuring production capacity, making appropriate imports, and relying on science and technology. We must rely on ourselves to ensure food supply, and concentrate domestic resources to ensure key areas. We must achieve basic self-sufficiency in grain and absolute food security and ensure control over our own food supply. We must attach equal importance to quantity and quality. While ensuring the quantity of supply, we should work harder to improve the quality of agricultural products and ensure food safety, focusing on the governance of production sources and the oversight of the entire process of production and marketing, so that people have enough to eat, are well fed, and have confidence in the safety of the food they are eating.

“Promoting the Registration of Rural Migrant Workers as Permanent Urban Residents” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Urbanization Work Conference on December 12, 2013. According to the article, solving the problem of people is the key to promoting new urbanization, and the most basic trend of urbanization is urbanization surplus rural laborers and other rural residents. As China’s current urbanization development dictates, the main task of urbanization is to register as permanent urban residents the rural residents who have moved to the cities and towns for employment. To help rural residents settle in the city, the key is to cultivate and develop a distinctive urban industrial system based on the city’s resources, strengthen the specialized division of labor and collaboration among cities, and enhance the industrial undertaking capacity of small and medium-sized cities, especially to focus on increasing the proportion of service industries, enhance the city’s innovation capacity, and create a good employment and living environment. In accordance with the guiding principles from the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, we should fully liberalize the restrictions on rural residents’ settlement in established towns and small cities, liberalize the restrictions on their settlement in medium-sized cities in an orderly manner, reasonably determine the conditions for their settlement in large cities, and strictly control the population size of megacities. To promote work on granting permanent urban residency to people who move from rural to urban areas, we should adhere to the voluntary, classified and orderly principles. The essence of modernization is the modernization of people, and it takes long-term efforts to truly grant permanent urban residency to rural residents and continuously improve their quality, and this cannot be achieved overnight. On the issue of population urbanization, we should have enough historical patience.

“The Red Line below Which the Quantity of Arable Land Must Not Fall Cannot Be Cross” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Urbanization Work Conference on December 12, 2013. According to the article, industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization should be balanced. Industrialization and urbanization need land, and agricultural modernization needs to ensure the quantity and quality of land. We should take into account the actual situation, reduce industrial land, appropriately increase the land for living, especially residential land, and effectively protect agricultural space such as arable land, garden land and vegetable land, and delineate the ecological red line. Land reform affects the situation as a whole, so it must proceed steadily in accordance with the principle of not crossing the red line and piloting first. The nature of the land public ownership system cannot change, the red line below which the quantity of arable land must not fall cannot be crossed, and the interests of farmers cannot be harmed—this is the basis on which explorations should be made in an orderly manner.

“Building the Countryside into a Big Garden Full of Birds and Flowers” is an excerpt from writings written in the period from December 2013 to August 2021. According to the article, rural civilization is the main body of the history of Chinese civilization, villages are the carriers of this civilization, and farming civilization is our soft power. To pursue urban-rural integration, it is entirely possible to retain the original appearance of the village; we should do our best to refrain from cutting trees, creating new land on lake beds and demolishing houses and work to improve the living conditions of residents in their original villages as far as possible. The rural environment directly affects the rice bag, vegetable basket, water tank, and the back garden of the town. We should fight against agricultural and rural pollution and deepen the improvement of the rural living environment with a focus on waste and sewage treatment, the toilet revolution, and the improvement of village appearances. We should make the new socialist countryside more beautiful and livable and ensure rural residents enjoy the natural landscape and retain their love of nature.

“Speech at a Central Rural Work Conference” was made on December 23, 2013. According to the article, if China is to become strong, it has to make its agriculture strong first; if China is become beautiful, it has to make its countryside beautiful first; if China is to become rich, it has to ensure its farmers become rich first. If agriculture, the foundation of China’s economy, remains stable, if the rural areas enjoy harmony and stability, and if farmers live and work in peace and happiness, then the whole big picture will be secured and all work will be done well. We should continue to encourage industry to support agriculture in return for agriculture’s earlier contribution to its development and encourage cities to support rural areas. We should give more to farmers, take less from them and lift restrictions over their economic activities. Constantly increase the strength of agricultural policy, and always lose no time in doing work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents well. To grasp work on agriculture and rural areas, we must, first of all, grasp grain production. The basic rural management system is the cornerstone of the Party’s rural policy. To adhere to the Party’s rural policy, the first thing is to adhere to the basic rural management system. We must adhere to the farmers’ collective ownership of rural land, uphold the system of agricultural operations based on household-run farming, and ensure the stability of the land contract relationship. We should regard the quality and safety of agricultural products as a key link in transforming the way agriculture develops and accelerating the development of modern agriculture. Addressing both the symptoms and root causes, we should ensure food safety for the people with the strictest standards, strictest supervision, harshest penalties, and most serious accountability. To ensure that there will be farmers to work the land, the key is to solve the problem with farmers by supporting them in becoming richer and more competent, making agriculture a profitable and promising industry, turning farming into a decent occupation, and turning the countryside into a beautiful home where people live and work in peace and contentment. We should strengthen and make innovations in rural social management, give a high priority to ensuring and improving rural residents’ wellbeing, and take systematic and comprehensive measures to deal with rural problems in accordance with the law and by addressing their root causes to ensure that farmers live and work in peace and order and rural society is stable and orderly.

“See that the Villagers Live a Good Life Is Our Party’s Unswerving Original Mission” is an excerpt from the writings written during the period from April 2014 to September 2021. According to the article, the reason why the CPC has won the support and backing of the people is because it has always stayed true to its original aspiration and founding mission of seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. The people are the country, and the Communist Party fought for the and defends the country to protect the people and ensure they live a better life. At no time can we ignore agriculture, forget the farmers, and be indifferent to the countryside. We must work hard generation after generation, not only to speed up poverty eradication but also to promote the comprehensive revitalization and modernization of the countryside.

“Increasing Food Crop Production Based on Farmland Management and Technological Application” is an excerpt from the writings written in the period from May 2014 to April 2022. According to the article, the root of grain production is in the arable land, its lifeline is water conservancy, its way out is to develop science and technology, and its driving force is policy. These key points should be implemented and put in place one by one. We must ensure that the red line below which the quantity of arable land must not fall is not crossed, assign responsibilities, investigate accountability for problems as soon as possible they arise, and hold those responsible accountable for life. On the basis of protecting arable land, especially basic farmland, we should carry out large-scale construction of high-standard farmland and increase support for the construction of farmland water conservancy projects and for the development of support facilities for agricultural machinery operations, etc., to improve the level of agricultural material and technical equipment. We must ensure that we are self-reliant agricultural science and technology. Starting from cultivating good seeds, we should strengthen technological research on good seeds, and rely on Chinese seeds to guarantee China’s food security. We should improve food security policies, take capacity building as the fundamental task, and increase food crop production based on farmland management and technological application.

“Deepening Land Reform to Solve Issues Related to Both Agriculture and Farmers” is an excerpt from the speech at the Fifth Meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform on September 29, 2014. According to the article, at this stage, deepening land reform, more consideration should be given to promoting the modernization of China’s agriculture, solving issues related to both agriculture and farmers, and blaze a path to agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. While adhering the collective ownership of rural land, we should separate contracting rights and management rights, separate ownership, contracting rights, and management rights, and ensure that management rights are transferable. We should respect the wishes of farmers and adhere to the principle of voluntary and compensated transfer of land management rights in accordance with the law. We should make farmers become active participants and real beneficiaries of the appropriate scale of land management.

“Accelerating the Transformation of the Way Agriculture Develops” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 9, 2014. According to the article, lower prices for agricultural products, higher production cost, the yellow line for subsidies and the red light for resources and the environment are likely to be an important bottleneck facing the development of agriculture in the coming period. There is only one way out, that is, to unswervingly accelerate the transformation of the way agriculture develops and blaze a modern agricultural development path characterized by efficient output, safe products, resource-saving, and environmentally friendliness. How should agricultural structure be adjusted? They should be made in accordance with market demand and the availability of resources. In light of the changes in market supply and demand and regional comparative advantages, we should make structural adjustments to produce products in short supply and high-quality and special products, to develop the whole industry chain of breeding, raising, processing and marketing, and to make agriculture more multifunctional, value-added and efficient. Transforming the way agriculture develops in no way means relaxing grain production, and must not weaken the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.

“Be a Good County Party Secretary” is a speech made at the meeting with a class of county Party secretaries at the Central Party School on January 12, 2015. According to the speech, Counties are a key link in our Party’s set-up and state power, an important basis for developing the economy, ensuring people’s wellbeing, and maintaining and promoting the enduring peace and stability of our country. County Party committees are the “frontline command” of governance for our Party, and the secretaries are the “commanders-in-chief “. Jiao Yulu (1922-1964) set an example for all secretaries of county Party committees. To be a good county Party secretary, one must be loyal to the Party, be of service to the People, be aware of responsibilities, and be strict with discipline.

“Creating New Urban-Rural Integration” is an excerpt from the speech delivered when presiding over the 22nd group study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee on April 30, 2015. According to the article, promoting urban-rural integration is an inevitable requirement of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization at a certain stage of development, and is an important symbol of national modernization. In light of our national conditions, we should plan the development of industry and agriculture, and urban and rural areas as a whole and promote the integration and common development of urban and rural areas in terms of planning, factor allocation, industrial development, public services, ecological conservation, etc.

“Speech at a Central Conference on Poverty Alleviation and Development” was delivered on November 27, 2015. According to the speech, China’s battle against poverty has entered the toughest stage. To achieve our goals, we must carry on the fight with firmer resolve, clearer thinking, more targeted measures, unique intensity, and concerted action. To take better-targeted measures to help the poor and lift them out of poverty, we should improve their impact. We should determine who must receive poverty relief, who is to implement poverty relief, how poverty relief should be implemented, and make clear how to apply an exit mechanism for those who have emerged from poverty. To win the battle against poverty, we should have firm resolve and solid goals, and work hard with a down-to-earth spirit, to bring moderate prosperity to all poverty-stricken areas and individuals by 2020.

“Speech at a Meeting on Rural Reform” was delivered on April 25, 2016. According to the speech, the solution to the conflicts and problems facing agricultural and rural development fundamentally depends on deepening reform. In deepening rural reform in the current context, the main thread is still to balance land the interests of farmers. The biggest policy is that we need to adhere to and improve the basic rural management system without wavering. The establishment of land contract management rights registration system guarantees a stable land contract relationship; we must promptly make real progress in this work to really assure the farmers. We should work to determine the rights to rural collective assets on a household basis and carry out reform to implement the shareholding system. We should move faster to a new agricultural management system, promote the comprehensive reform of supply and marketing cooperatives, improve the agricultural support and protection system, promote work on granting permanent urban residency to people who move from rural to urban areas, and improve the institutions and mechanisms for urban-rural integration. To accelerate rural development, we must focus on developing modern agriculture, increasing rural income, and build a new socialist countryside. The Party supervises rural work, which is our tradition, and this tradition cannot be lost.

“Deepening the Supply-Side Structural Reform of Agriculture” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 14, 2016. According to the speech, deepening the supply-side structural reform of agriculture is an important part of the supply-side structural reform. We should adapt to the current change of problems in agriculture from insufficient aggregate to structural contradictions, create new systems and mechanisms, promote scientific and technological progress, improve the agricultural industry system, production system and operation system, and accelerate agricultural transformation to improve its performance and efficiency and ensure it achieves sustainable development. We should put a prominent place on increasing the supply of green and high-quality agricultural products, improve agricultural supply policies, actively and steadily reform the price formation mechanism and storage system of important agricultural products such as grain, deepen the reform of the rural property rights system, carry out inventory verification, clarify the attribution of collective property rights in rural areas, and give farmers fuller property rights.

“Implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy” is an excerpt from the political report delivered at the 19th National Congress of the CPC on October 18, 2017. According to the excerpt, to build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity, we need to put in place sound systems, mechanisms, and policies for promoting integrated urban-rural development, and speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Rural land contracting practices will remain stable and unchanged on a long-term basis; the current round of contracts will be extended for another 30 years upon expiration. We will strengthen basic services in rural communities, and improve the rural governance model which combines self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue.

“Improving the Quality of Rural Grassroots Organizations and the Rural Governance System” is an excerpt of from the speeches made between December 2017 and March 2022. According to the article, rural grassroots Party organizations are the leading core of rural organizations and various tasks, and it is necessary to strengthen the functions of rural grassroots Party organizations, build them into strong centers for propagating the Party’s ideas, implementing its, leading grassroots governance, uniting with and mobilizing the people, and promoting reform and development, so as to provide strong political and organizational guarantees for the comprehensive rural revitalization. We should promote the Fengqiao Model in the in the current context, attach importance to the theoretical and moral education of farmers, work to improve the rule of law, refine the rural governance system, deepen the practice of villagers’ self-governance, effectively give play to the role of village rules and established practices as well as family culture and family value education, nurture good folk customs, cultivate fine family traditions, and encourage virtues in individuals, and promote progress in the rural economy, rural rule of law, rural culture, rural governance, rural ecology and rural Party organizations.

“Writing a New Chapter on Aggression, Rural Areas, Rural Residents of for the Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Rural Work Conference on December 28, 2017. According to the article, the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is a major decision made by the Party Central Committee from the perspective of the overall situation of the Party and the state, focusing on achieving the Two Centenary Goals and responding to the aspirations of hundreds of millions of rural residents for a better life. The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is based on the foundation and conditions, is designed to solve the principal contradiction in Chinese society, is distinctly goal-oriented, is determined by the Party’s mission, and contributes Chinese wisdom and approaches to the solution of global rural problems.

“Taking the Path of Socialist Rural Revitalization with Chinese Characteristics” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Rural Work Conference on December 28, 2017. According to the article, to build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity, the rural revitalization strategy is designed to reshape the relationship between urban and rural areas and integrate these areas; consolidate and improve the basic rural management system and promote common prosperity; deepen the supply-side structural reform of agriculture and promote quality agricultural development; seek harmony between humans and nature and green rural development; draw upon and carry forward farming civilization and work for cultural prosperity in the countryside; create new rural governance systems and promote good governance in the countryside; win the battle against targeted poverty and seek poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics.

“Strengthening and Improving the Party’s Leadership over the Work on Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Rural Residents” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Rural Work Conference on December 28, 2017. According to the article, the key to success in rural areas and rural revitalization hinges on the Party. We must strengthen the Party’s ability and resolve to chart our course, craft overall plans, design policy, and promote reform; we must ensure the Party always provides overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all involved; and we must improve the Party’s ability to exercise overall leadership over rural work in the new era. We should improve the leadership system of rural work whereby Party committees exercise overall unified leadership, governments are responsible, and Party committee’s rural work departments coordinate efforts. We should deepen rural reform, so that the rural resources and elements are put to best use, so that the enthusiasm and creativity of the farmers burst out, so that all forces of the whole of society are pooled in support agriculture. We should improve the investment guarantee system and accelerate the formation of a pattern diversified investment from the government, the financial sector, and the private sector. We should plan scientifically, pay attention to quality and develop at our own pace, and make plans more future-oriented, binding, instructive and operational.

“Promoting Progress in Rural Businesses, Workforce, Culture, Eco-Civilization and Organizational Structure” is an excerpt from the speech delivered when attending the deliberations of the Shandong delegation at the First Session of the 13th National People’s Congress on March 8, 2018. According to the article, the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy should be planned in an integrated manner and promoted effectively. We should promote the revitalization of rural industries, realize industrial prosperity, and promote the affluence of rural life; develop rural talents and strengthen the talent support for rural revitalization by creating a strong team of rural revitalization talents; promote the revitalization of rural culture, improve the civilization of rural society, and improve civility in rural areas; promote rural ecological revitalization, adhere to green development, and make good ecosystems support rural revitalization; revitalize rural organizations, establish a sound modern rural social governance system, and ensure a vibrant, stable and orderly rural society.

“Make the Rural Revitalization Strategy to Be Successful” is an excerpt from the speech made when presiding over the eighth group study session of the Political Bureau of the 19th CPC Central Committee on September 21, 2018. According to the article, we will never have all-round modernization without the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is an overall and historical task related to the all-around development of a modern socialist country. We should design and implement agricultural modernization along with rural modernization, and transform China from a country with high agricultural output to one with a leading edge in agriculture. In order to implement the rural revitalization strategy, we must first of all establish rules based on practice and Party committees and organizations at all levels must strengthen their leadership and bring together the strengths of the whole Party and all sectors of society. We must always follow the correct political direction the relationship between long-term and short-term goals, and correctly handle the relationship between top-level design and grassroots experimentation. The relationship between the decisive role of the market and a better role of the government, and the relationship between enhancing the people’s sense of gain and adapting to the current stage of development so as to upgrade agriculture, achieve overall growth for rural areas, and guarantee well-rounded development for the rural population.

“Preventing Large-Scale Return to Poverty and Coordinating Comprehensive Poverty Eradication and Rural Revitalization” is an excerpt from the writings written from March 2019 to January 2022. According to the article, it is necessary to improve the monitoring and support system mechanism to prevent poverty return. We should ensure that poverty relief responsibilities, policies, assistance, and monitoring continue even after a county is removed from the poverty list. We continue to promote the effectively coordinate all-around poverty eradication and rural revitalization, and focus on enhancing endogenous development power and development vitality. We should accelerate the improvement of low income insurance, medical insurance, medical assistance and other related support and protection measures in order to deliver genuine outcomes in poverty alleviation and stop them from returning to poverty. To develop the poverty alleviation industries, we should extend the industrial chain, improve risk resistance, establish a more stable benefit linkage mechanism, and ensure that the poor have a sustainable and stable income. We should provide follow-up support for people relocated from inhospitable areas, so that they can stay, be employed, have income and improve their lives.

“The More Risks and Challenges, the More We Must Keep Agriculture Stable and Ensure the Security of Food and Important Non-Staple” was the instruction given by to national spring agricultural production on February 24, 2020. According to the article, all the Party committees should give a prominent place to he work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, coordinate the key tasks to win the decisive battle to complete a moderately prosperous society and eradicate poverty, strengthen agriculture, the foundation China’s economy and improve the areas of weakness in the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents to provide strong support for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic and achieve the economic and social development goals and tasks for this year.

“The Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas Is a Major Task for Building a Modern Socialist Country in All Respects” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Second Plenary Assembly of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee on October 29, 2020. According to the article, the urban-rural economic circulation is an important aspect of the great domestic circulation and a key factor in ensuring sound proportions for domestic and international circulation. The modernization of agriculture and rural areas is a major task for building a modern socialist country in all respects, and is integral to solving the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development. To ensure the supply of food and other important agricultural products is of primary importance in the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents. We promote the supply-side structural reform of agriculture, ensure basic self-sufficiency in grains and absolute food security, and ensure we always have control over our own food supply.

“To Ensure Food Security, the Key Is Seeds and Arable Land” is an excerpt from the speech made at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 16, 2020. According to the article, to ensure food security, it is important to promote land management and technology application and develop seeds and arable land. We should elevate seed security to a strategic level related to national security, better protect and utilize germplasm resources, and develop seed banks. We should promote biological breeding industrialization in an orderly manner. We should carry out research on bottleneck germplasm resources technology. We must ensure that the total area of China’s farmland stays above the red line of 120 million hectares and firmly stop any attempts to use cropland for any purposes other than agriculture and grain production specifically. We should regulate efforts to offset cultivated land used for other purposes, develop a national food security industry belt, improve high-standard farmland, strengthen farmland water conservancy, implement the national chernozem soil protection project, and intensify the control of agricultural pollution from non-point sources.

“Speech at a National Conference to Review Poverty Alleviation and Commend Related Groups and Individuals” was delivered by on February 25, 2021. The speech solemnly declares a complete success in China’s fight against poverty. Regional poverty issues have been resolved. The arduous task of eradicating extreme poverty was completed, creating another incredible miracle. The speech fully affirms the great achievements of poverty eradication, makes an in-depth review of the glorious history and valuable experience of poverty eradication, and profoundly elaborates the poverty alleviation spirit of “staying united, doing one’s best, being targeted and pragmatic, making innovations in a pioneering spirit, taking on tough issues, and living up to the people’s expectations.” According to the speech, removing the label of poverty is not the finishing line, but rather a starting point of a new life and a new struggle. We must effectively consolidate and expand the outcomes of poverty eradication as part of our efforts to promote rural revitalization, so that the foundation of poverty eradication is more solid and the results are more sustainable. The speech notes that rural revitalization is a major task of national rejuvenation. . We will accelerate the pace of agricultural and rural modernization with more powerful initiatives and greater strength, promote high-quality and high-efficiency development of agriculture, make rural areas places that people enjoy living and working in, and see that farmers become richer and more affluent.

“Stabilizing the Fundamentals of Agriculture with a Focus on National Strategic Needs” is an excerpt from the speech made at the meeting held by the Standing Committee of the 19th CPC Central Committee’s Political Bureau analyze the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents in December 2021. The article stresses that in order to cope with risks and challenges, it is necessary to focus on national strategic needs, stabilize agricultural fundamentals and do a good job in the work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, with effective measures and strong execution to ensure stable production and supply, and ensure stable development of agriculture and rural areas.

“Food Security Is in the Fundamental Interest of the Country” is an excerpt from the speech made at the joint meeting of members of the agricultural, social welfare and social security sectors at the Fifth Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference on March 6, 2022. According to the article, food security is in the fundamental interest of the country. Food is of primary importance. An important reason why our country can enjoy social stability and its people feels assured is that we have enough food in our hands. To implement the rural revitalization strategy, we must ensure the supply of important agricultural products, especially food, as the primary task, give a prominent place to improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture, and truly increase food production by promoting land management and technology application. We should plan ahead, always pay close attention to food security, always rely mainly on our domestic resources to ensure food production capacity, moderate imports and science and technology support.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 6, 2022

People’s Daily, June 7, 2022, p. 2